外汇交易如何展开？
交易外汇的概念非常简单：一种可以同其他货币进行兑换的商品。通过买卖货币，外汇交易员通过汇率的波动赚取价差。汇市的巨大魅力在于交易成本非常之低。这意味着交易可以在极短的时间内完成，短至数秒钟，也可以进行更长周期的交易。
案例
若一名交易员认为欧元/美元即将升值，以1.5000的汇价买入100万欧元。当汇价升至1.5050，该交易员平仓后即可获得5,000美元的收益。
以1.5000的汇价买入100万欧元，就相当于1,500,000美元。
当汇价升至1.5050时，就相当于1,505,000美元。
买卖价差，即盈利5,000美元。
主要货币
全球约有170种货币。不过主要交易活动集中在6种主要货币对，它们占据全球外汇总成交量的约三分之二。
主要货币对包括：
欧元美元(27%)
美元日元(13%)
英镑美元(12%)
澳元美元(6%)
美元瑞郎(5%)
美元加元(4%)
货币对
在外汇市场，一种货币的报价总是相对于其他货币。基础货币是被视为参数的货币。例如，在欧元/美元报价中，欧元是基础货币，报价代表需花费多少美元才能买入1欧元。同样，对于美元/日元而言，美元是基础货币，汇价代表需花费多少日元才能买入1美元。
买价和卖价
买价指的是市场愿意为某一特定货币对支付的价格。卖价指的是市场愿意卖出的价格。
例如，美元/瑞郎报价是1.1650/1.653，其中买价为1.1650，卖价为1.1653。外汇报价通常被缩略至更小的位数，如在电话报价中本案的报价简化为50/53。
买卖价之间的差额即称为点差。
点
“点”(价格中的点数)代表货币对的最小波动单位。对于大多数货币而言，外汇报价的小数点后面保留四位，但美元/日元除外。1点代表其对手货币的10,000分之一，或0.0001。例如，若英镑/美元的报价为1.6319，那么上涨1个点后即为1.6320。而美元/日元的报价仅保留小数点后两位(1/100或0.01)。
盈亏计算
多数现代化交易平台，如MIG的交易站，会自动计算交易员建立的头寸的盈亏。这有助于交易员追踪市场波动时的盈亏变化。对于所有交易员而言，理解如何计算盈亏非常关键。
以下图表显示的是MIG提供的货币对汇总，以及每个货币对的手数规模和单手每个点的金额。以下盈亏案例是根据该图表计算而得出的：
符号 |
手大小 |
每手中每点的价值 |
||||
EURUSD |
100000 EUR |
10 USD |
||||
USDJPY |
100000 USD |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
AUDUSD |
100000 AUD |
10 USD |
||||
GBPUSD |
100000 GBP |
10 USD |
||||
USDCHF |
100000 USD |
10 CHF / Price USDCHF - 10.9 USD |
||||
USDCAD |
100000 USD |
10 CAD / Price USDCAD - 10.07 USD |
||||
NZDUSD |
100000 NZD |
10 USD |
||||
EURGBP |
100000 EUR |
10 GBP * Price GBPUSD - 15.81 USD |
||||
EURCHF |
100000 EUR |
10 CHF * Price GBPUSD - 15.81 USD |
||||
EURJPY |
100000 EUR |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
CADJPY |
100000 CAD |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
CHFJPY |
100000 CHF |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
AUDJPY |
100000 AUD |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
GBPCHF |
100000 GBP |
10 CHF / Price USDCHF - 10.9 USD |
||||
NZDJPY |
100000 NZD |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
EURAUD |
100000 EUR |
10 AUD * Price AUDUSD - 10.77 USD |
||||
EURCAD |
100000 EUR |
10 CAD / Price USDCAD - 10.07 USD |
||||
NZDCAD |
100000 NZD |
10 CAD / Price USDCAD - 10.07 USD |
||||
AUDCAD |
100000 AUD |
10 CAD / Price USDCAD - 10.07 USD |
||||
GBPJPY |
100000 GBP |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
EURNZD |
100000 EUR |
10 NZD * Price NZDUSD - 8.36 USD |
||||
AUDNZD |
100000 AUD |
10 NZD * Price NZDUSD - 8.36 USD |
||||
EURTRY |
100000 EUR |
10 TRY / Price USDTRY - 5.71 USD |
||||
USDTRY |
100000 USD |
10 TRY / Price USDTRY - 5.71 USD |
||||
TRYJPY |
100000 TRY |
1000 JPY / Price USDJPY - 13.06 USD |
||||
GBPNZD |
100000 GBP |
10 NZD * Price NZDUSD - 8.36 USD |
||||
GBPTRY |
100000 GBP |
10 TRY / Price USDTRY - 5.71 USD |
||||
盈亏计算案例
例子：
- 以1.2175的汇价卖出3手欧元/美元，以1.2110的汇价买入：
客户每手赚取65点，乘以3手，总计赚取195点(卖出价格高于买价)。欧元/美元每个点的价值为10美元，因此总获利=195点×10美元=1,950美元。 - 以105.60的汇价买入2手美元/日元，以105.20的价格卖出：
在这个例子中，客户每手亏损40点×2手，总计亏损80点(卖出价格低于买价)。美元/日元每个点的价值为1000日元，相当于1000 / 105.20= 9.506美元(105.20是平仓是的美元/日元报价)。因此，该客户总计损失：80点×9.506美元= 760.46美元。 - 以0.7015的价格卖出2手欧元/英镑，以0.6940的价格买入：
在这个例子中，客户共赚取75点，乘以2手，总计150点。欧元/英镑每个点价值10英镑，相当于10× 1.8500= 18.50美元(假设平仓时英镑/美元的报价为1.8500)，总计盈利：150 点× 18.50美元 = 2775美元.
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